A Bangkok river cruise is an experience recommended for every first-time visitor to the capital of Thailand, as it lets you see the most important landmarks of the city from the Chao Phraya River while enjoying Thai and international dishes and an entertainment program. Discover all the best Bangkok river cruises in one place, together with our tips on how to choose the Bangkok river cruise that is the most suitable for your trip.
In case you are only interested in the list of cruises, click here.
How to choose the Bangkok River Cruise?
The options for Chao Phraya River cruises are numerous, with many boats available for visitors in Bangkok. To ensure you pick the right cruise for your tastes, consider a few key factors that are detailed below. The main points to keep in mind when choosing a Bangkok river cruise are:
- Type and boat of cruise
- Cruising time and duration
- Price of the cruise
- Departure pier
- Cruise inclusions (food, drinks, entertainment)
- Seating
1. Type and boat of Bangkok River Cruise
The majority of dinner cruises on the Chao Phraya River are provided by large cruise boats serving buffet dinner. It’s the most affordable option, which is very popular with travelers, so cruise boats can get quite crowded. Even if most Bangkok river cruises present themselves as luxurious, it might not always be the case. If you are looking for the most luxurious Bangkok river cruise serving buffet dinner, check out The Opulence Cruise.
If you want more romantic atmosphere and prefer higher-class dining experience, choose one of Bangkok dinner cruises serving set dinner, such as Saffron Cruise, Apsara Cruise, Okura Cruise, Pruek Cruise, or Manohra Cruise.
In case you are not into dining, get on Yodsiam Sightseeing Boat, which is the party boat in Bangkok offering unlimited beers and soft drinks with all kinds of light snacks.
2. Cruising time and duration
Dinner cruise is the most common Bangkok river cruise option that is offered by all cruise boats. Such a cruise starts around 19:00 and ends around 21:00 and lets you enjoy the night view of the city with its most important landmarks being nicely lit up.
Some of the Bangkok river cruises are also offering the earlier cruise option, which is commonly known as the sunset cruise. Such a cruise normally starts around 17:00 and ends around 19:00 or a bit earlier, meaning that you are boarding the boat in the daylight and the sun sets on the way back. The sunset cruise is a cheaper option that normally comes with a smaller selection of meals, more limited entertainment, and sometimes even a shorter duration.
Bangkok river cruises that are offering sunset and dinner cruise options are Chao Phraya Princess Cruise, White Orchid River Cruise, Meridian Cruise, and Royal Princess Cruise.
The most usual Bangkok dinner cruise duration is 2 hours, even if some of the sunset cruises are shorter and last for only 1.5 hours. The longest cruise duration (3 hours) is currently offered by Saffron Cruise.
3. Price of the Bangkok River Cruise
Most Bangkok river cruises offer a much better price for online bookings. The best offers for a wide selection of Chao Phraya River cruises can be found via the following links:
Top Bangkok sightseeing cruises
By price, Bangkok river cruises can be grouped the following:
- High-end dinner cruises with a price of more than 2,000 THB
- Mid-range dinner cruises with a price between 1,000 THB and 2,000 THB
- Affordable dinner cruises with a price under 1,000 THB
The high-end Bangkok river cruises are the ones offering set dinner menu for around 3,000-5,000 THB. These Chao Phraya River cruises are operated by luxury Bangkok hotels and you can choose Saffron Cruise and Apsara Cruise by Banyan Tree Hotel, Okura Cruise with Japanese cuisine, Pruek Cruise with Michelin-starred chef, or Manohra Cruise by Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort.
The selection of mid-range dinner cruises in Bangkok is much wider, as almost all buffet dinner cruises fall into this range. The best-rated mid-range Bangkok river cruises are The Opulence Cruise for around 1,800 THB, Bangkok Chaophraya Cruise for around 1,550 THB, and the Chao Phraya Princess Cruise for around 1,200 THB with online booking (less for the sunset cruise).
Affordable Bangkok dinner cruises let you enjoy the Chao Phraya River cruise experience for less than 1,000 THB with online booking. Some of the most popular budget cruises in this price range are White Orchid River Cruise with free-flow beer, Meridian Cruise for under 900 THB, and Royal Princess Cruise, which is the most popular cruise that can fit in 1,000 THB price range with a dinner cruise.
4. Bangkok River Cruise Departure Pier
There are several piers on the Chao Phraya River for boarding the Bangkok dinner cruise. You might wish to choose the cruise with a more convenient departure pier, as getting there from your hotel on time sometimes can be complicated, so you might risk missing out on boarding the cruise due to being stuck in the traffic.
ICONSIAM Pier is the most popular Bangkok river cruise departure point. To get there, you can take an ICONSIAM shuttle boat from Si Phraya Pier, CAT Tower Pier, and Sathorn Pier (located next to BTS Saphan Taksin Station), or take BTS to Krung Thonburi Station and then transfer to Gold Line Train, which takes you right to ICONSIAM.
Asiatique The Riverfront Pier is another busy cruise pier in Bangkok. To reach it, you can use a combination of BTS SkyTrain (Saphan Taksin Station) and the Asiatique free shuttle boat departing from Sathorn Pier or simply take a Bangkok taxi.
River City Pier is another option for boarding the Chao Phraya River cruise. To get there, you can take BTS to Saphan Taksin Station and then take the Chao Phraya Express Boat (Yellow, Orange, and Green Flag) from the nearby Sathorn Pier to Si Phraya Pier.
Other piers that are Bangkok river cruise departure points:
Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort Pier on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River used to board Manohra Cruise, operated by Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort.
Terminal 21 Rama 3 Pier, which is located in a bit more remote part of the city and used to serve the Chao Phraya Princess Cruise (Indian buffet option), New Horizon Cruise, and Horizon Yacht Dinner Cruise.
5. Bangkok River Cruise inclusions
Bangkok river cruise food, drink, and entertainment inclusions vary quite a lot.
When it comes to food, majority of Bangkok river cruises serve a buffet with a combination of Thai and international dishes and seafood (usually only grilled prawns and mussels). More luxurious cruises are offering a slightly wider choice and higher quality of food. Several cruises, such as Saffron Cruise or Manohra Cruise, are offering set menu dinner for a special dining experience on the Chao Phraya River.
Most Bangkok dinner cruises only include a welcome drink (usually just a small glass of juice or mocktail), drinking water, coffee, and tea, while all other drinks need to be purchased on board. Some of cruises, such as Meridian Cruise, also include soft drinks. The exceptional ones, such as this White Orchid River Cruise, also include free-flow draft beer, enhancing the experience for beer lovers.
For your entertainment throughout the evening, all Bangkok river cruises are offering live music on board. Some of them, like the newly-opened The Luxury White Cruise, also extend the program with Thai classical dance performances, Khon Show performances, or even cabaret show.
6. Seating
The cruise boats operating on the Chao Phraya River normally have 2 or 3 levels that offer a combination of closed air-conditioned and open-air seating options. If you would like to be seated on the specific level, make a special request at the time of booking. Even if the seating is not guaranteed, there’s a high chance that they will take your request into consideration.
Bangkok Chao Phraya River Cruise List
There are many dinner cruises to choose from, so we have listed the best Bangkok dinner cruise options down below to ensure that you could choose the right one for your memorable night out in Bangkok with a gourmet dinner cruise along the Chao Phraya River.
1. Saffron Cruise by Banyan Tree Bangkok
Saffron Cruise is a dinner cruise operated by one of the leading 5-star hotels in Bangkok, Banyan Tree Hotel. Celebrate Thailand’s artistic heritage and the timeless splendor of the Chao Phraya River with a dining experience that combines modern and traditional influences with stylistic touches, award-winning cuisine and entertainment celebrating Thailand’s rich cultural and gastronomic traditions.
Includes: 4 Course Set Menu
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 3,300 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Saffron Cruise
2. Manohra Cruise
Manohra Cruise operated by Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort is one of the most luxurious Thai style river cruises in Bangkok. This cruise is different from other cruises as they are offering cruise on an antique rice barge with a quiet and private dinner cruise experience.
Includes: Luxurious 5-course dinner, Free flow soft drinks
Departure pier: Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort
Ticket price: 3,500 THB/person
Special price: Manohra Cruise
3. The Opulence Luxury Chao Phraya Dinner Cruise
Bask in the epitome of opulence with The Opulence Luxury Chao Phraya Dinner Cruise in Bangkok. Step aboard a resplendent vessel, meticulously designed for an evening of grandeur. As you set sail along the enchanting Chao Phraya River, you'll be treated to an extraordinary culinary journey with Thai and international delicacies, accompanied by live entertainment, adding an enchanting layer to your evening.
Includes: Thai and International Buffet, coffee and tea, water, Live music experience
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,800 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for The Opulence Luxury Cruise
4. Bangkok Chaophraya Cruise
Bangkok Chaophraya Cruise is the newest luxury dinner cruise on the Chao Phraya River. Board the luxurious cruise and marvel at the illuminated riverside attractions while being delighted by an extensive international buffet and enjoying live musical performances and an enchanting traditional Thai dance show.
Includes: International Buffet featuring seafood, water, tea, and coffee, live music, traditional Thai dance performance
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 1,550 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Bangkok Chaophraya Cruise
5. Chao Phraya Princess Cruise
Chao Phraya Princess Cruise is one of the most popular cruises along Chao Phraya River in Bangkok where you can dine in a romantic atmosphere with an easy-listening jazz played by a professional live band. This cruise serves delicious Thai & International cuisine in buffet style. For Indian customers, there is also a special cruise with Indian buffet served.
Includes: International Buffet or Indian Buffet, water, tea and coffee, Live music band
Departure pier: ICONSIAM Pier (Dinner cruise), Asiatique The Riverfront Pier (Sunset & Dinner cruise), Terminal 21 Rama 3 Pier (Indian buffet)
Ticket price: Sunset cruise - 850 THB/person, Dinner cruise - 1,500 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Chao Phraya Princess Cruise
6. White Orchid River Cruise
White Orchid River Cruise offers new experiences in the romantic and enjoyable atmosphere on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. It is a 3-deck cruise ship with an open-air deck on the 3rd floor where you can overlook the scenery of both sides of the river at night. Buffet Dinner is served with a variety of delightful Thai and Western cuisines, and you can enjoy the special “Cabaret Show” as well as Thai classical dance show, live music and disco.
Includes: Thai and International Buffet, water, tea, coffee, free flow beer, Live music, Cabaret show and Thai classical dance
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront, ICONSIAM
Ticket price: Sunset cruise - 1,400 THB/person, Dinner cruise - 1,600 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for White Orchid River Cruise
7. Chaophraya Cruise
Chaophraya Cruise is another choice for you to enjoy impressive moments on Bangkok river cruises. It is a luxury 5-star cruise ship with an interior emphasizing the diversity of Thai art. The delicious food is served on the cruise and is accompanied with the harmonious Live Music with professional singers and a traditional Thai Greeting Dance.
Includes: International Buffet, Live music and Thai classical dance
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 1,800 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Chao Phraya Cruise
8. Meridian Cruise
To spend a special night in Bangkok, board the Meridian Cruise that will take you to voyage along the remarkable Chao Phraya River and admire the breathtaking Bangkok skyline while savoring a two-hour buffet of international food and seafood.
Includes: International Buffet and Seafood, free soft drinks, Live music and Thai Classical Dance
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: Sunset cruise - 1,200 THB/person, Dinner cruise - 1,600 THB/person
Special price: Chao Phraya River Meridian Cruise
9. Royal Princess Dinner Cruise
You can treat yourself to an unforgettable evening in Bangkok on the Royal Princess Cruise. This cruise boat will take you on a lovely voyage along the Chao Phraya River, where you will be treated to a sumptuous buffet featuring a spread of international and local dishes.
Includes: International and Local Buffet, coffee & tea, Live music
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: Sunset cruise - 990 THB/person, Dinner cruise - 1,190 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Royal Princess Cruise
10. Wonderful Pearl Cruise
Wonderful Pearl Cruise is a large and elegant Bangkok river cruise ship offering a romantic dinner along the Chao Phraya River. You can enjoy your meal with delightful Thai, Japanese, Western, and international cuisine served in buffet style. There are performances of the classic Thai masked play Khon and live pop and jazz music on the 360-degree panoramic deck of Wonderful Pearl Cruise.
Includes: Thai and International Buffet, drinking water, hot coffee & hot tea, Live music band, Thai traditional dance and jazz performance
Departure pier: River City
Ticket price: 1,800 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for Wonderful Pearl Cruise
11. Alangka Cruise
You can experience the international buffet dinner on the large Alangka Cruise ship that allows you to see 360-degree panoramic views and relax at the open-air rooftop.
Includes: International Buffet & Seafood Buffet, drinking water, coffee and tea, Live music and Thai Classical Dance Show
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 2,000 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Alangka Cruise
12. The Planet Cruise
The Planet Cruise is an extravagant three-story cruise ship that redefines excellence with its groundbreaking design, including double open spaces. This innovative design not only increases seating capacity but also enhances the experience of exploring the mesmerizing Chao Phraya River at night.
Includes: International Buffet and Seafood Buffet, hot coffee and hot tea, Live music experience, Thai Classical Dance and Khon Show experience (only on dinner cruise)
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: Sunset cruise - 850 THB/person, Dinner cruise - 1,600 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for The Planet Cruise
13. Smile Riverside Dinner Cruise
Spend an evening on the Chao Phraya River with Smile Riverside Cruise and feast on a Thai and international buffet while enjoying live music from an onboard band as you take in views of the city's most important landmarks.
Includes: Thai and International Buffet & Seafood, drinking water, coffee and tea, Live music and Thai classical dance
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 2,000 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Smile Riverside Dinner Cruise
14. The Luxury White Dinner Cruise
The Luxury White Dinner Cruise is one of the newest cruises on the Chao Phraya River, offering a luxury service of good food and live entertainment from December 2024. On this cruise, you can enjoy a dinner with a variety of Thai and Western dishes while witnessing the city's gorgeous night scenery and enjoying live entertainment, such as the cabaret performance in true Bangkok style or an authentic Thai classical dance show.
Includes: Thai, International & Seafood Buffet, drinking water, coffee, tea, soft drinks, draft beer, wine (red & white), Live music, Cabaret Show and Thai Classical Dance
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront, ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,500 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Luxury White Dinner Cruise
15. River Star Princess Dinner Cruise
River Star Princess Dinner Cruise is offering a captivating cruise for sailing along the majestic Chao Phraya River in the heart of Bangkok. On this luxurious vessel you can savor a unique dining experience complemented by panoramic river views and Thai cultural performances.
Includes: Thai and International Buffet, Khon (traditional Thai dance), Live Music
Departure pier: River City
Ticket price: 1,500 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for River Star Princess Dinner Cruise
16. Viva Alangka Cruise
Enjoy a warm welcome onboard Viva Alangka Cruise and set out a dinner cruise on under the stars. Indulge in a large buffet dinner under candlelight with live music in a romantic atmosphere. Taste the large international buffet with fresh seafood elegantly arranged with appetizers, main courses, and desserts. Enjoy beautiful traditional Thai dancing performances as you pass city's most stunning landmarks.
Includes: International Buffet, Coffee or tea, Live music and Thai traditional dance show
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront, Terminal 21 Rama 3
Ticket price: 1,700 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Viva Alangka Cruise
17. Unicorn Dinner Cruise
Enjoy breathtaking views of the setting sun over the water as you embark on the Unicorn Cruise. Immerse yourself in a whimsical atmosphere with unicorn-themed decorations, from table settings to lighting. Be entertained throughout the evening with live music, performances, or even a unicorn-themed show.
Includes: International Buffet and Seafood, drinking water, coffee and tea, Live Duos Singers
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,600 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Unicorn Cruise
18. Apsara Cruise
Apsara Cruise, operated by Banyan Tree Hotel, is another Bangkok river cruise sailing on the majestic Chao Phraya River that is bringing you an enchanting journey through Thailand’s rich heritage and flavors.
Includes: 4 Course Set Menu
Departure pier: River City
Ticket price: 3,800 THB/person
Special price: Apsara Cruise
19. Okura Cruise
Okura Cruise operated by The Okura Prestige Bangkok is one of the most luxurious river cruises in Bangkok. It is also the only Chao Phraya River cruise offering Japanese fine dining experience on the cruise. This cruise lets you experience a culinary voyage that celebrates the finest traditions of Japanese cuisine with two distinct dining experiences: the refined elegance of Seasonal Kaiseki and the theatrical artistry of Teppanyaki.
Includes: Japanese Set Menu
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 4,590 THB/person
Special price: Okura Cruise Tickets
20. Pruek Cruise
Pruek Cruise is a dinner cruise that is taking luxury to new heights. The three-story, teak-wood, yacht-style cruise provides a 4-course Thai set menu designed, prepared. and cooked by a Michelin-starred chef served in a once-in-a-lifetime setting on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok.
Includes: 4-course Set Menu
Departure pier: pier next to Ramada Plaza by Wyndham Bangkok Menam Riverside
Ticket price: 6,550 THB/person
Special price: Pruek Cruise Tickets
21. Riverside Carnival Cruise
Riverside Carnival Cruise, operated by Riverside Bangkok Hotel, is a delightful buffet cruise with a lively carnival theme, bursting with vibrant colors. While having your dinner on the Chao Phraya River, you cam enjoy glamorous ladyboy cabaret shows, charismatic and stylish host performances, energetic dancers, and pulse-pounding DJ music.
Includes: Thai, International and Seafood buffet, Live DJ Music, Cabaret Show, Interactive Host, LED Lighting Effects, coffee, tea, and water
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 2,000 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Riverside Carnival Cruise
22. Horizon Dinner Cruise
Horizon Cruise, operated by Shangri-La Bangkok, is one of the most luxurious dinner cruises in Bangkok. On the cruise, you can enjoy an unforgettable scenic ride down the Chao Phraya River and savor the taste of high-quality international dishes, ranging from fresh salads, tasty seafood, and delectable desserts.
Includes: International All-You-Can-Eat Buffet, free-flow soft drinks, juices, and water, tea or coffee, pipe-in music
Departure pier: Shangri-La Bangkok
Ticket price: 2,900 THB/person
Special price: Horizon Dinner Cruise
23. Sawasdee Chaophraya Cruise
Sawasdee Chaophraya Cruise is the newest addition to the dinner cruise scene in Bangkok. Launched in July 2025, this large cruise ship brings you to experience a special and memorable journey along the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. On board the cruise you can enjoy a wide variety of international dishes that are deliberately created with the finest ingredients and listen to melodious songs.
Includes: International Buffet and Seafood, drinking water, coffee and tea, Thai classical dance
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,800 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Sawasdee Chaophraya Cruise
24. Noah Cruise
Noah Cruise is one of the newest cruises on the Chao Phraya River, offering a luxury service of good food and live entertainment. On the cruise you can enjoy a fabulous buffet dinner with a variety of Thai and international dishes accompanied by live music and alluring traditional Thai dance performances as you witness the city's gorgeous night scenery on this Bangkok river cruise.
Includes: International Buffet and Seafood, drinking water, coffee and tea, free soft drinks, live music
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,590 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for Noah Cruise
25. New Horizon Cruise
New Horizon Cruise is a relatively new Chao Phraya River cruise, launched in September 2024. Departing from Terminal 21 Rama 3, this cruise lets you discover a new side of Bangkok as you sail along the majestic Chao Phraya River. On this cruise you can indulge in a mouthwatering seafood buffet paired with unlimited draft beer (optional), choosing from Chang or Hoegaarden to suit your taste.
Includes: International buffet, soft drinks, free-flowing beer (if option selected), live music
Departure pier: Terminal 21 Rama 3
Ticket price: 1,290 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for New Horizon Dinner Cruise
26. Super Galaxy Cruise
Super Galaxy Cruise is the newest addition to the dinner cruise scene in Bangkok. Launched in April 2026, this large cruise ship brings you to experience a special and memorable journey along the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. On board the cruise you can enjoy a rich buffet featuring Thai favorites and fresh seafood, while being entertained by live performances, including professional singers, traditional Thai dance, and vibrant cabaret shows.
Includes: Thai, seafood, and international buffet, free-flow soft drinks, water, tea, coffee, cabaret show, Thai classical dance, live music
Departure pier: ICONSIAM
Ticket price: 1,700 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Super Galaxy Cruise
27. Riverside Faraya Cruise (Halal)
Riverside Faraya Cruise, operated by Riverside Bangkok Hotel, is the only full-scale halal buffet cruise, with halal chefs preparing special dishes. While having your dinner on the Chao Phraya River, you can enjoy an exclusive show.
Includes: Halal international buffet and seafood, coffee, tea, and water, live band music
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 1,175 THB/person
Special price: Discounted tickets for Riverside Faraya Cruise
28. Horizon Yacht Dinner Cruise
Horizon Yacht Dinner Cruise offers an unforgettable night aboard a private and elegant yacht, where you can enjoy a seafood-focused Thai and international dinner while taking in the stunning night views of Bangkok. Unlike large dinner cruises, this experience focuses on a private and intimate dining experience, accommodating up to only 50 guests per voyage. The interior features warm wooden tones and soft lighting, while all tables are arranged for perfect river views.
Includes: Course dining with a touch of fusion cuisine
Departure pier: Terminal 21 Rama 3
Ticket price: 1,890 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for Horizon Yacht Dinner Cruise
29. Yodsiam Sightseeing Boat
Yodsiam Sightseeing Boat invites you to hop aboard a lively sightseeing cruise and glide along the Chao Phraya River, surrounded by the magical glow of Bangkok’s illuminated skyline. On this cruise you can enjoy the views with unlimited beer and light snacks, making it a perfect choice for people who are not into having a buffet dinner on a boat.
Includes: Unlimited beer, soft drinks (Coke, Fanta, Sprite), snacks & seasonal fruits, & boat party with music and dances
Departure pier: Asiatique The Riverfront
Ticket price: 800 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for Yodsiam Sightseeing Boat
30. Luxury Cruise & Dine Experience at Above Riva
Cruise on the traditional Thai wooden boat along the Chao Phraya River for 1 hour. Then embark at Above Riva, Riva Arun Bangkok where you will enjoy authentic Thai food with the best view of Wat Arun (Temple of Dawn).
Includes: Above Riva Signature 5-Course Thai Dinner Set (menu)
Departure pier: Tha Maharaj
Ticket price: 2,800 THB/person
Special price: Tickets for Cruise & Dine
Tips
Normally, the cruise program and pricing is different on special days such as Loy Krathong Festival (usually in November, date varies yearly), Christmas Eve (24 December), Christmas Day (25 December), New Year's Eve (31 December), New Year’s Day (1 January), and Valentine’s Day (14 February). Special Bangkok river cruise offers on these days can be found here:
New Year's Eve River Cruise in Bangkok
Valentine's Day River Cruise in Bangkok
Loy Krathong Dinner Cruise in Bangkok
Round-trip transfer from hotel in Bangkok is normally not included but you might be able to find travel agents who sell a package of cruise ticket and transfers, such as the ones below.